Shard
A shard is a part of a blockchain network that has its own data. It appeared when a chain was split using the sharding technique. Sharding is a process of dividing the blockchain into multiple parts, each of which is called a shard. This is done to improve the scalability of the blockchain. By dividing the data into multiple shards, each shard can be processed by a different node in the network, which makes the processing of the entire blockchain much faster. The sharding technique was first proposed by Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin in 2018. Since then, it has been implemented by several blockchain projects, including Zilliqa, Polkadot, and Cosmos. Sharding is a very important part of the blockchain technology and it is expected to play a major role in the scaling of the blockchain in the future. |